Lesson Two: What is an Inclined Plane?
An inclined plane is a ramp that assists us in moving heavy objects up and down heights. It is a plane surface set at an angle, other than a right angle, against a horizontal surface. An inclined plane reduces the force necessary to move a load, but increases the distance so the amount of work stays the same. For example, an inclined plane makes it easier to lift something heavy, like a rock. Instead of lifting the rock straight up, you can push it a greater distance, but with less force. That way, the amount of work remains the same.
The following link offers a great definition of an inclined plane. Additionally, it explains how work is made easier with this simple machine and provides diagrams to show how this works.
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The following video explains just how an inclined plane helps you use your energy more effectively. Watch and see how a ramp is used to make moving a barrel into a truck easier with this simple machine.
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Imagine you are trying to lift a heavy object, like a lawn mower, straight up onto a truck. With help, you could probably do it, but it would take a lot of force. It would be much easier to roll the lawn mower up a ramp onto a truck. A ramp is an example of an inclined plane. This kind of simple machine helps people raise objects without lifting them straight up.
Watch this investigation below. Children are trying to move a basket of heavy books to the top of a jungle gym. Which method works best for them?
Here you see cyclists pedaling up a steep, winding road. The road is an inclined plane. The cyclists use less force going up the inclined plane than they would pedaling straight up the side of a hill. They do travel a greater distance to get to the top, but the ramp or inclined plane, makes their work easier. |
These are all things we see in our everyday lives, and even possibly use on a daily basis. Can you think of any other inclined planes not mentioned here? If so, jot them down in your science journal now to discuss later on in class.
Let's recap! Here’s a catchy tune to help you remember exactly what an inclined plane is and how it works. Listen and sing along if you’d like!